Since 2011, Yemen has been facing a political crisis, marked by street protests against poverty, unemployment, corruption, and President Saleh's plan to amend Yemen's constitution and eliminate the presidential term limit. Ali Abdullah Saleh was the first president of the new republic until his resignation in 2012 in the wake of the Arab Spring. In 1990, the two Yemeni states united to form the modern Republic of Yemen ( al-Jumhūrīyah al-Yamanīyah). After World War I, the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen was established, which became the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) in 1962 following a coup. During the 19th century, the country was divided between the Ottoman and British empires. Various dynasties emerged between the 9th and 16th centuries. Christianity arrived in the fourth century, and Islam spread rapidly in the seventh century, with Yemenite troops playing a crucial role in early Islamic conquests. Later in 275 AD, the Himyarite Kingdom was influenced by Judaism. In ancient times, Yemen was the home of the Sabaeans, a trading state that included parts of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea. Yemen is a member of the Arab League, the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. ![]() ![]() The country's population is estimated to be 34.7 million as of 2023. Sanaa is its constitutionally stated capital and largest city. Covering 530,000 square kilometres (204,634 square miles) and having a coastline of approximately 2,000 kilometres (1,200 miles), Yemen is the second-largest Arab sovereign state on the Arabian Peninsula. ![]() It shares maritime borders with Eritrea, Djibouti and Somalia. It is located in the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, bordering Saudi Arabia to the north and Oman to the northeast. Yemen ( / ˈ j ɛ m ən/ ⓘ Arabic: ٱلْيَمَنْ, romanized: al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia.
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